We take up jealousness here, because it, too, is connected with conjugial love. Jealousness, however, may be just or unjust. Jealousness is just in married partners who love each other. In them it is a just and prudent zeal to keep their conjugial love from being violated, and a just anguish therefore if it is violated. An unjust jealousness, on the other hand, is found in people who are by nature suspicious, and who, from a viscidity and biliousness of the blood, suffer a sickness of the mind. In addition, by some all jealousness is regarded as a failing. Especially is it so regarded by the licentious, who hurl vituperations against even just jealousness. Yet jealousness as a term derives from the same root as zeal, with a suffix (-ness) denoting quality; and it is the quality or mark of both a just zeal and an unjust zeal. But the differences between these two will be unfolded in the succeeding discussions, which we will present in the following order:

(1) Viewed in itself, zeal is, so to speak, the fire of love set ablaze. (2) The blaze or flame of that love - which zeal is - is a spiritual blaze or flame, arising in response to an attack or assault on the love. (3) A person's zeal is as his love is, thus of one character when the person's love is good, and of another character when the person's love is evil. (4) The zeal of a good love and the zeal of an evil love are in outward respects alike, but in inward respects entirely unalike. (5) The zeal of a good love harbors in its inner aspects friendship and love; but the zeal of an evil love harbors in its inner aspects hatred and vengeance. (6) The zeal of conjugial love is called jealousness. (7) Jealousness is a kind of blazing fire against those who attack the love shared with a married partner, and a kind of trembling fear at the thought of losing that love. (8) Jealousness is spiritual in character in monogamists, and natural in character in polygamists. (9) In married partners who love each other tenderly, jealousness is a just anguish in accord with sound reason, that their conjugial love not be sundered and thus perish. (10) In married partners who do not love each other, jealousness arises for a number reasons; in some owing to a sickness of the mind of one kind or another. (11) Some people do not have any jealousness in them, also for a variety of reasons. (12) One finds a jealousness also in regard to mistresses, but not such as arises in regard to wives. (13) Jealousness is found also in animals and birds. (14) Jealousness in men and husbands is different from jealousness in women and wives.

Explanation of these statements now follows.